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Discovery en route to space station for delivery mission BY WILLIAM HARWOOD STORY WRITTEN FOR CBS NEWS "SPACE PLACE" & USED WITH PERMISSION Posted: August 28, 2009 
Running four days late, the shuttle Discovery roared to life and shot into space late Friday, lighting up the night sky with a rush of fire as it set off on a 13-day mission to deliver 7.5 tons of supplies and equipment to the International Space Station.
Taking off at roughly the moment Earth's rotation carried launch pad 39A into the plane of the space station's orbit, Discovery quickly climbed above its service gantry, rolled about its long axis and thundered away on a trajectory paralleling the East Coast. Discovery's launching came four days after a scrub Tuesday because of bad weather and back-to-back delays caused by concern about an 8-inch hydrogen valve in the shuttle's engine compartment. The shuttle was cleared for launch late Friday after tests showed the valve was working normally. NASA managerrs approved a waiver in case of additional trouble, but the valve closed on command during fueling and there were no other problems. Including the weather. Despite clouds and threatening storms to the south, conditions improved as launch time approached and the shuttle was cleared for flight. Visible for hundreds of miles around, Discovery put on a spectacular show for area residents and tourists as it raced across the sky atop twin pillars of fire from its giant boosters. Two minutes after liftoff, their propellant expended, the boosters dropped away and Discovery continued toward orbit under the power of its three main engines, a brilliant "star" rivaling Venus in brightness as it streaked toward the horizon. During the shuttle Endeavour's launching July 15, an unusual amount of foam insulation fell from the ship's external tank. While Endeavour's heat shield suffered no major impact damage, NASA managers ordered extensive testing to make sure Discovery's tank was safe to launch. Live television views from a camera mounted on the side of the giant tank showed nothing obvious falling away as the shuttle accelerated out of the dense lower atmosphere. But it will take several days for engineers to determine the health of Discovery's heat shield based on a thorough assessment of launch photography, data collected by the crew in orbit and close-up photos of the shuttle's belly during final approach to the space station. In any case, by the time Discovery's boosters were jettisoned the shuttle was climbing out of the dense lower atmosphere, which can impart high impact velocities, and the remainder of the shuttle's ascent was uneventful. Six-and-a-half minutes after booster separation, Discovery's main engines shut down and the shuttle slipped into its planned preliminary orbit. If all goes well, Sturckow will guide the orbiter to a docking with the International Space Station around 9 p.m. Sunday. Along with replacing a 1,800-pound ammonia coolant tank in the station's main power truss during their first two spacewalks, the astronauts will deliver two sophisticated science racks, one devoted to fluid physics and the other to materials science, an experiment sample freezer, a new air revitalization rack, a crew sleep station and a treadmill named after comedian Stephen Colbert. The "Combined Operational Load Bearing External Resistance Treadmill," or COLBERT, received its name after the comedian launched a successful tongue-in-cheek write-in campaign to name a final station module in his honor. NASA managers declined, naming the new module Tranquility instead, but renamed the treadmill after Colbert. "I was still honored to receive the traditional NASA consolation prize, a space treadmill," Colbert said in a taped message to NASA. "I couldn't be prouder that my treadmill will soon be installed on the International Space Station to help finally slim down all those chubby astronauts." Along with delivering needed supplies and equipment, astronaut Nicole Stott will replace space station flight engineer Timothy Kopra, launched to the lab complex in July and returning to Earth in Stott's place. Remaining behind when Discovery departs, Stott will join Expedition 20 commander Gennady Padalka, NASA flight engineer Michael Barratt, cosmonaut Roman Romanenko, Canadian Robert Thirsk and European Space Agency astronaut Frank De Winne as a member of the station's full-time crew. Discovery's flight is the last shuttle mission that will rotate space station crew members. While Stott will ride a shuttle home in November, future station crew members will travel up and down aboard Russian Soyuz capsules. NASA is paying the Russian space agency roughly $50 million per seat while the U.S. agency closes out shuttle operations and works to develop a replacement spacecraft not expected to fly until 2015 at the earliest. Only six shuttle flights are planned after Discovery's mission, all of them devoted to finishing the space station and loading it with supplies, spare parts and other equipment to protect against failures after the shuttle fleet is retired. Launching enough supplies and equipment to support a full-time crew of six is a major challenge and one that Stott will face right away. She will be responsible for operating the station's robot arm to capture and attach an unmanned Japanese supply ship being prepared for its maiden launch Sept. 10. If all goes well, Stott will pluck the HTV craft out of orbit Sept. 17 and dock it to the Harmony module's Earth-facing port. Discovery's flight is equally critical to maintaining a permanent presence in space. Along with delivering science hardware and life support equipment, the shuttle crew also will bring up 1,600 pounds of food and other supplies, including carbon dioxide-absorbing lithium hydroxide canisters, used to supplement the station's U.S. and Russian CO2 scrubbers. "We're bringing up seven racks that will be transferred to the space station," said European Space Agency astronaut Christer Fuglesang, making his second shuttle flight. "Three of them are really to keep the station's six crew members well and alive. There's a crew quarters, a treadmill - you have to exercise twice a day if you stay in space up to six months - and then there's a system to keep the air clean. Then we're bringing up three racks dedicated to science. And of course, there's a lot of food and other things." Sturckow, Ford, Fuglesang and Stott were joined aboard Discovery by Jose Hernandez, John "Danny" Olivas and Patrick Forrester. Ford, Hernandez and Stott are space rookies making their first flight. Sturckow is a three-flight veteran, Forrester has two previous missions to his credit while Olivas and Fuglesang each have one. With Discovery's arrival, the space station will once again be home to an international crew of 13, a record first set during Endeavour's July mission "As we transition to six-person crew, there's a big step up in terms of consumables," said Kirk Shireman, deputy manager of the space station program at the Johnson Space Center. "And this flight will really get us in a robust configuration for keeping six-person crew and to fully utilize the ISS. "We're launching about 1,590 pounds of crew supplies, that's food and other things to keep the crew alive and happy, we're launching 6,190 pounds of what I call vehicle hardware, and this is things in preparation for assembly, spares, those kinds of things. And we're launching over 6,050 pounds of utilization hardware. That's several racks and payloads themselves. So it's a big flight to fully utilize the International Space Station." Three spacewalks are planned during Discovery's visit, one by Olivas and Stott on Tuesday and two by Olivas and Fuglesang Thursday and next Saturday. If all goes well, Discovery will undock from the space station Sept. 8 and land back at the Kennedy Space Center around 7:10 p.m. on Sept. 10.
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